An array index error, leading to a heap-based buffer overflow, was found
in the way CVS applied certain delta fragment changes from input files
in the RCS (Revision Control System file) format. If an attacker in
control of a CVS repository stored a specially-crafted RCS file in that
repository, and then tricked a remote victim into checking out (updating
their CVS repository tree) a revision containing that file, it could
lead to arbitrary code execution with the privileges of the CVS server
process on the system hosting the CVS repository. (CVE-2010-3846)